How did the NSF get involved?

In Summary:

The National Science Foundation created the NSFNET in 1986, originally connecting the nation's five supercomputer centers. Regional networks were then set up and connected to the larger NSFNET backbone. Smaller networks at research and educational sites could then connect to regional networks for access to the Internet.

The NSFNET was upgraded several times. By 1993, the backbone could transmit data at speeds of 45 million bits of data per minute. In 1995, the NSFNET was replaced by a faster network architecture called vBNS.

The NSF also established the InterNIC, which provides domain name registration services, directory and database services, and information and education services for the Internet community.